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Compostable Polymer

ecovio® – Biobased and compostable polymer

BASF’s bioplastic is a high-quality, completely compostable polymer. It consists of the biodegradable BASF polymer ecoflex® and polylactic acid (PLA), which is derived from renewable resourcs based on sugar.

First production application of the compostable plastic ecovio in coffee capsules

Products made out of ecovio® are just as high-performing and strong in use as conventional plastics. The polymer ecovio has already been able to prove itself in applications such as organic waste bags and agricultural films. Furthermore, the first application for the injection molding grade ecovio IS is now used for certified compostable coffee capsules and an aroma-tight outer packaging.

The research behind

Cross-section through the ecovio barrier: The scanning electron micrograph shows the extremely thin coating on cardboard packaging.

Who are the researchers behind the innovation ecovio? We spoke to two ecovio experts and took the opportunity to look behind the scenes. Dr. Robert Loos has accompanied the development from the outset, and Dr. Maximilian Lehenmeier has been involved since 2012 in broadening the applications for ecovio. 

Dr. Loos, what's so special about ecovio?
Loos: The special thing about this material is that it's a mixture of biodegradable ecoflex from BASF and polylactic acid manufactured from renewable resources to produce a fully compostable plastic, which also consists partially of renewable raw materials. What's impressive is that products made from ecovio now have the same properties as conventional non-biodegradable standard plastics and can be processed just as easily.

Dr. Lehenmeier, what everyday applications are improved by using ecovio?
Lehenmeier: One good example is coffee capsules. Coffee capsules produce a very large amount of residual waste, although coffee powder is actually a valuable fertilizer and compostable. When we use ecovio for the capsule material, the capsules can be disposed of as bio-waste. It is important, however, for the material to fulfil the high barrier requirements for coffee packs, such as moisture, oxygen and aroma. At present this can only be achieved with special compostable capsule packaging: however, research is already in progress into suitable solutions for the coffee capsule of the future. The capsule also has to withstand coffee brewing in high-pressure coffee machines, while still remaining fully compostable. We have achieved this and, through our research, have therefore contributed to reducing unnecessary waste.

 

What other developments are planned for ecovio?
Loos: So far the product has mainly been used as mulch film, shopping bags and biowaste bags. We have also been researching for some time into further applications for ecovio. We can adapt the material properties, such as stiffness or transparency, to match the application by varying the quantitative composition of the components. Other processing methods such as injection molding or deep drawing are therefore possible and open up new applications such as the coffee capsules already mentioned. Another direction in which we are currently researching intensively involves compostable hot drink lids for paper cups, for which the cups are also coated with ecovio instead of polyethylene. This means we are concentrating particularly on developing whole systems. 

BASF's soil biodegradable mulch film

Bisher waren leere Pappbecher oder benutzte Fast-Food-Verpackungen häufig ein Fall für den Restmüll. Denn sie sind meist mit einer hauchdünnen Kunststoffschicht aus Polyethylen überzogen. Diese verhindert, dass Flüssigkeiten wie Kaffee oder das Fett eines Burgers in das Papier eindringen – aber auch, dass die Verpackung einfach wiederverwertet werden kann. Um das zu ändern, hat BASF Ecovio® PS 1606 entwickelt. Dieser Kunststoff ist vollständig biologisch abbaubar und überwiegend aus nachwachsenden Rohstoffen hergestellt. Das Bild zeigt die nur 15 Mikrometer dicke Schicht aus Ecovio PS 1606 über den Cellulosefasern eines Papiers. So beschichtete Pappbecher und Fast-Food-Verpackungen können im Gegensatz zu herkömmlichen Polyethylen-beschichteten Papierverpackungen industriell kompostiert werden. Außerdem arbeiten Forscher der BASF derzeit daran, dass die mit dem bioabbaubaren Kunststoff beschichteten Cellulosefasern wiederverwendet werden können. Nachdem der Kunststoff abgebaut ist, könnte so aus dem Pappbecher wieder neues Papier werden. Wenn sich Kaffeebecher kompostieren lassen, dann ist das Chemie, die verbindet. Von BASF. Vergrößerung 1000:1 (bei 12 cm Bildbreite) Abdruck honorarfrei. Copyright by BASF. Until now, empty paper cups and used fast food packaging have often just been thrown into the garbage. This is because they are usually coated with an ultra-thin layer of polyethylene, which prevents liquids like coffee or the grease from a burger from penetrating the paper – but also packaging from being recycled. To change this, BASF has developed Ecovio® PS 1606. This plastic is completely biodegradable and largely made from renewable raw materials. The image shows the just 15 micrometer thick layer of Ecovio® PS 1606 over the cellulose fibers of a paper surface. Paper cups and fast food packaging coated in this way can, in contrast to conventional polyethylene-coated packaging, be industrially composted. BASF researchers are also curr,Bisher waren leere Pappbecher oder benutzte Fast-Food-Verpackungen häufig ein Fall für den Restmüll. Denn sie sind meist mit einer hauchdünnen Kunststoffschicht aus Polyethylen überzogen. Diese verhindert, dass Flüssigkeiten wie Kaffee oder das Fett eines Burgers in das Papier eindringen – aber auch, dass die Verpackung einfach wiederverwertet werden kann. Um das zu ändern, hat BASF Ecovio® PS 1606 entwickelt. Dieser Kunststoff ist vollständig biologisch abbaubar und überwiegend aus nachwachsenden Rohstoffen hergestellt. Das Bild zeigt die nur 15 Mikrometer dicke Schicht aus Ecovio PS 1606 über den Cellulosefasern eines Papiers. So beschichtete Pappbecher und Fast-Food-Verpackungen können im Gegensatz zu herkömmlichen Polyethylen-beschichteten Papierverpackungen industriell kompostiert werden. Außerdem arbeiten Forscher der BASF derzeit daran, dass die mit dem bioabbaubaren Kunststoff beschichteten Cellulosefasern wiederverwendet werden können. Nachdem der Kunststoff abgebaut ist, könnte so aus dem Pappbecher wieder neues Papier werden. Wenn sich Kaffeebecher kompostieren lassen, dann ist das Chemie, die verbindet. Von BASF. Vergrößerung 1000:1 (bei 12 cm Bildbreite) Abdruck honorarfrei. Copyright by BASF. Until now, empty paper cups and used fast food packaging have often just been thrown into the garbage. This is because they are usually coated with an ultra-thin layer of polyethylene, which prevents liquids like coffee or the grease from a burger from penetrating the paper – but also packaging from being recycled. To change this, BASF has developed Ecovio® PS 1606. This plastic is completely biodegradable and largely made from renewable raw materials. The image shows the just 15 micrometer thick layer of Ecovio® PS 1606 over the cellulose fibers of a paper surface. Paper cups and fast food packaging coated in this way can, in contrast to conventional polyethylene-coated packaging, be industrially composted. BASF researchers are also currently working on a way to reuse the cellulose fibers coated with the biodegradable plastic. Once the plastic has degraded, new paper could be manufactured from the paper cup. When coffee cups can be composted, it’s chemistry that connects. Magnification 1000:1 (bei 12 cm in width) Print free of charge. Copyright by BASF.